JS Aviation

           V1, Vr and V2 speed of aircraft.   In aviation,   V-speeds  are standard terms used to define air speeds  important or useful to the  operation of all aircraft.  These speeds are derived from data obtained by aircraft designers and manufacturers during flight testing  for aircraft .                The speed will vary among aircraft types and varies according to factors such as aircraft weight, runway length, wing flap  setting, engine thrust used and runway surface contamination, thus it must be determined by the pilot before takeoff.     So what really V1 , Vr and V2 speeds are . Let us discuss it below:  V1 Speed  V1 is the decision speed (sometimes referred to as critical engine speed or critical engine failure speed) by which any decision to reject a takeoff must be made. Above V1, the takeoff must be continued unless there is reason to believe that the aircraft will not fly. An engine failure identified not later than V1 should always result in a re

              Introduction to Actuator                                                                         An actuator is a component of a hydraulic system that is responsible for moving and controlling a mechanism of piston rod and the piston rod is connected to the aircraft systems. An actuating cylinder transforms energy in the form of fluid pressure into mechanical force. It is used to impart powered linear motion to some movable object or mechanism. A typical actuating cylinder consists of a cylinder housing, one or more pistons and piston rods, and some seals. The piston inside the cylinder moves forward and backward and an attached piston rod moves into and out of the cylinder housing in accordance with piston. Seals are use to prevent the flow or leakage of fluid between two compartments of the cylinder . Fluid can be air or hydraulic fluid like Skydrol . Actuating cylinders are of two major types: ➢ Single action :The single-action (single port) actuating cylin